GST for Freelancers & Consultants: Registration, Invoicing & ITR — Everything You Need to Know Featured Answer: Freelancers and consultants in India must register for GST under Section 22 of the CGST Act once their aggregate turnover exceeds ₹20 lakh (₹10 lakh for special category states) in a financial year. Services provided by freelancers attract […]
SaaS Startup Compliance: GST (OIDAR), FEMA, ESOP & Data Protection — The Definitive Guide for Indian Founders Featured Answer: Indian SaaS startups selling to overseas customers must comply with OIDAR (Online Information and Database Access or Retrieval) GST provisions, FEMA regulations for cross-border receipts, ESOP taxation under the Income Tax Act, and the Digital Personal […]
Restaurant & Food Business Registration: FSSAI, GST, Shop Act & Licensing in India Featured Answer: Starting a restaurant or food business in India requires a comprehensive stack of registrations and licences. The essential requirements include FSSAI licence (mandatory for all food businesses), GST registration, Shop & Establishment Act registration, fire safety NOC from the local […]
FEMA for IT/Software Export Companies: SOFTEX, FIRC & Repatriation Compliance Featured Answer: FEMA compliance for IT and software export companies in India involves a structured framework of reporting, documentation, and repatriation obligations. The key requirements include SOFTEX form filing through STPI/SEZ authorities for declaring software export value, obtaining Foreign Inward Remittance Certificates (FIRC) or electronic […]
GST for IT & Software Companies: Export, SEZ & STPI Benefits in India Featured Answer: IT and software companies in India benefit from a highly favourable GST framework for exports. Software exports qualify as zero-rated supply under IGST Section 16, meaning no GST is charged on output while full Input Tax Credit (ITC) is available […]
GST for Restaurants & Hotels: Rate Structure, ITC & Compliance in India Featured Answer: GST for restaurants and hotels in India operates under a dual-rate framework. Standalone restaurants and those in hotels with room tariffs up to ₹7,500 per night pay GST at 5% without Input Tax Credit (ITC), while restaurants in hotels with tariffs […]
D2C & E-Commerce Valuation: GMV, Contribution Margin & Brand Premium in India Featured Answer: D2C ecommerce valuation in India requires a nuanced approach that goes beyond simple GMV multiples. A robust valuation framework examines net revenue (after returns & discounts), contribution margin per order, customer acquisition cost (CAC) by channel, repeat purchase rates, and brand […]
EdTech Company Valuation: Revenue Quality, Cohort Retention & Unit Economics Quick Answer: EdTech valuation in India hinges on revenue quality (paid users vs. free users, refund-adjusted revenue, deferred revenue recognition), cohort retention (course completion rates, renewal rates, LTV/CAC ratio), and unit economics (contribution margin per learner, payback period). Unlike traditional SaaS, edtech companies face unique […]
Fintech & NBFC Valuation in India: AUM, NIM & Regulatory Capital Quick Answer: Fintech and NBFC valuation in India requires specialised financial-services methodology that centres on book value multiples (typically 1x–5x P/BV for NBFCs), net interest margin (NIM) analysis, NPA provisioning adequacy, and RBI regulatory capital compliance. Unlike standard corporate valuations, financial institutions cannot be […]
Manufacturing Company Valuation: Plant, Machinery & Going Concern Quick Answer: Manufacturing company valuation in India requires a blend of asset-based approaches (replacement cost, depreciated replacement cost), income approaches (DCF with capex-heavy modelling), and market approaches (EV/EBITDA multiples typically ranging 6x–14x depending on sub-sector). Under IBBI Regulations and Section 247 of the Companies Act, 2013, statutory […]